HPV, cervical dysplasia, genital warts, herpes

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HPV Virus - Medical Facts - PURPOSE: Infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV) is associated with the development of cervical cancer, but whether HPVs have a role in colorectal cancer remains controversial.Experimental Designs: To determine the relationship between HPV and colorectal cancer, we did a retrospective, controlled study using tumor and tumor-adjacent colorectal tissues dissected from patients with colorectal cancer, as well as colorectal tissues from control individuals with no cancer. The samples were processed in a blinded fashion for nested PCR and in situ PCR detection of HPV DNAs. The PCR products were gel-purified and sequenced for HPV genotyping.RESULTS: We found that colorectal tissues from 28 of 55 (51%) patients with colorectal cancer were positive for HPV DNA. Colorectal tissues from all 10 control individuals were negative for HPV DNA (P = 0.0034). Of the 107 usable (GAPDH(+)) samples collected as paired colorectal tissues (tumor and tumor-adjacent tissues) from the patients, 38 (36%) had HPV16 (n = 31), HPV18 (n = 5), or HPV45 (n = 2), with HPV DNA in both tumor and tumor-adjacent tissues of 10 paired samples, 13 in only the tumor, and 5 in only tumor-adjacent tissues. In situ PCR detection of the tumor tissues confirmed the presence of HPV DNA in tumor cells.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that colorectal HPV infection is common in patients with colorectal cancer, albeit at a low DNA copy number, with HPV16 being the most prevalent type. HPV infection may play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis.

HPV Virus - Medical Pictures - BACKGROUND: Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection. In the first 10 years of sexual activity, point prevalence rates approach 25% and the lifetime risk of acquisition of this infection may be as high as 80%. There are over 200 types of HPV, of which approximately 50 infect the genital area. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to discuss HPV detection and its role in cervical cancer development. DISCUSSION: The HPV types that cause genital warts do not cause cervical cancer. The subclinical types (especially types 16 and 18) are most frequently found in high grade epithelial abnormalities and therefore can potentially cause anogenital cancers. Human papillomavirus is a 'necessary but not sufficient cause for cervical cancer'. Most genital HPV infection is transient. Cervical cancer is actually a rare outcome of HPV infection. However, only 5% of women in developing countries have had a Pap smear in the past five years, and worldwide approximately 250 thousand women die of this disease every year. The role of HPV DNA testing has not yet been defined, but is no doubt a potential tool for the future. Meanwhile, international vaccine trials using HPV virus-like particles are taking place, and look promising.